WORKSHEET OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND ENGINEERING, CLASS 12, BIOTECHNOLOGY

 1. Curd and whey are categorized as nutraceutical proteins. Why?        (2) 

2. What is in situ activation of chymotrypsinogen? Explain how the correct folding of the enzyme cymotrypsin leads to its function as a proteolytic enzyme.        (5) 

3. What is the relationship between specific activity and purity of a protein?        (1)

4. Explain with an example, how proteins can be engineered to improve their properties.    (3)

5. Why is humulin considered better than pig insulin for the treatment of diabetes?        (2)

6. Name the technique developed by O' Farrel. Schematically depict the key steps in the separation of proteins using this technique. Highlight the basis of separation at each step.     (5)

7. (i) What are the essential aminoacids?

    (ii) Athletes are recommended to consume BCAA before and after exercise. How does this practice benefit them?            (3)

8. Expand and define PER.        (2)

9. What would be the effect of an aqueous environment on the bond strength of ionic bonds between aminoacid residues in a protein?        (1)

10. You have succeeded in purifying a protein from yeast. Name a technique you would use and the principle behind it for determining the molecular mass of this protein.        (5)

11. Classify protein based products. Give one example under each category along with its application. How are these useful to the biotechnology industry?        (5)

12. You have been provided with a mixture of proteins (A, B, C and D) in a buffer of pH6.5. Protein A has a pI of 5.0 and all other proteins have a pI greater than 7.0. Based on this information, how will you separate protein A from the mixture?Indicate the principle involved also.        (3)

13. Why do organophosphates act as selective inhibitors of serine proteases?Why is the serine hydroxyl at the active site of serine proteases acididc as compared to other serine residues in the enzyme? (5)

14. (a) Why is the sickle cell anemia called a molecular disease? What is the defect?

    (b) Who developed the technique of protein fingerprinting? What is the principle behind this technique?

    (c) Indicate two ways by which sickle cell anemia can be diagnosed.            (5)